Electrochemistry of DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates

Abstract

Biomolecules, as essential components of life, are the focus of a wide array of research fields. Understanding their behavior is crucial, for instance, for advancing diagnostic methodologies and medical treatments. Given that numerous biochemical processes occur at membrane–liquid interfaces, electrochemical analysis emerges as a powerful approach for studying biomolecules at charged liquid–electrode interfaces. Electrochemistry enables both label-based and label-free analyses of biomolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and carbohydrates. While label-based methods are primarily utilized for sensor development, label-free techniques provide insights into the intrinsic behavior of biomolecules. This chapter presents a concise overview of the potential applications and methodologies for studying biomolecules through electrochemical techniques.