Jitka Zluvova, Martina Lengerova, Michaela Markova, Roman Hobza, Michael Nicolas, Boris Vyskot, Deborah Charlesworth, Ioan Negrutiu, and Bohuslav Janousek:
The inter-specific hybrid Silene latifolia x S. viscosa reveals early events of sex chromosome evolution
- Evolution and Development, in the press (2005)
SUPPLEMENT
Legend to the supplementary figure: Histological analysis of anther development in wild type S. latifolia male plant (A, B, C), S. latifolia x S. viscosa (D, E, F), and in the Y-chromosome-deletion mutants 11KL165 (G, H, I), and 11KL926 (J, K, L). Details of pollen sacs are shown in three developmental stages - stage 8 to 9 (before meiosis to meiosis - first column), stage 10 (tetrads - second column), and at the stage 11 (free microspores, exine formation and generative nucleus division - third column). Insert pictures display sections through whole anthers. (A) Wild type S. latifolia male anther at stage 8 showing thin endothecium (En), hardly visible middle layer (ML), tapetum (T) and microspore mother cells (MMC). (B) S. latifolia male anther at stage 10. Tetrads (Tet) are formed. (C) Wild type S. latifolia male anther at stage 11.3. Pollen grains (PG) are present, the tapetum degenerates. (D) S. latifolia x S. viscosa anther at stage 9.1. Release of the tapetum from the endothecium is apparent. (E) S. latifolia x S. viscosa anther at stage 10 (staged according to the presence of tetrads). Release of the tapetum from the endothecium continues. Note lignification of the endothecium cell walls. (F) S. latifolia x S. viscosa anther after degeneration of microspores. It is impossible to stage anther development precisely in the hybrids at this point. Degenerated microspores (Mi) and tapetum form an agglutinate inside the locule. (G) Anther of the S. latifolia Y-chromosome deletion mutant 11KL165 at stage 9.1. (H) Anther of the S. latifolia Y-chromosome deletion mutant 11KL165 at stage 10. Release of the tapetum from the endothecium is apparent. (I) Anther of the S. latifolia Y-chromosome deletion mutant 11KL165 at stage 11.1. Release of the tapetum from the endothecium continues. (J) Anther of the S. latifolia Y-chromosome deletion mutant 11KL926 at stage 9.4. Note the enlarged endothecium. (K) Anther of the S. latifolia Y-chromosome deletion mutant 11KL926 at stage 10 (based on the presence of tetrads). Endothecium cell walls are already lignified. (L) Anther of the S. latifolia Y-chromosome deletion mutant 11KL926 at stage 11.1. Premature endothecium cell wall lignification is visible. Bars represent 100 m.
